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Aggiustamento delle Dosi dei Farmaci in Pazienti con Malattia Renale Cronica

Munar MY, Singh H. Drug dosing adjustments in patients with chronic kidney disease. Am Fam Physician 2007; 75: 1487-96.

Viene di seguito riportato un ampio sunto, a cura della Dott.ssa Patrizia Iaccarino, di un articolo pubblicato sull’American Family Physician. Per chi volesse, l’articolo in estenso è disponibile nella sottostante sezione link.

È noto che l’insufficienza renale cronica (IRC) è in grado di influenzare l’eliminazione renale dei farmaci ed altri parametri farmacocinetici. Questo può comportare degli errori di dosaggio con possibile insorgenza di eventi avversi e/o di inefficacia terapeutica. I dosaggi dei farmaci escreti attraverso il rene dovrebbero quindi essere aggiustati basandosi sulla clearance della creatinina o sul tasso di filtrazione glomerulare. A tale scopo sono disponibili dei calcolatori elettronici o dei siti web che offrono questo servizio (es. Drug Prescribing in Renal Failure: Dosing Guidelines for Adults. http://acp.pdaorder.com/pdaorder/-/605920537541/item?oec-catalog-item-id=1028).

Aggiustamento dei dosaggi

Dosi da carico in genere non necessitano di aggiustamenti in pazienti con IRC. Linee guida pubblicate suggeriscono dei metodi per il mantenimento di aggiustamenti di dosaggio: riduzione della dose, allungamento degli intervalli tra le dosi o entrambi (1).

Antipertensivi

Farmaci ipoglicemizzanti

Farmaci antimicrobici

Molti farmaci antimicrobici sono escreti attraverso il rene e richiedono aggiustamenti in pazienti con IRC; tuttavia, alcuni farmaci comunemente usati non richiedono aggiustamenti (17).

Farmaci analgesici

Farmaci antinfiammatori non steroidei (FANS)

Altri farmaci

Sebbene le terapie a base di piante medicinali siano comunemente usate, alcune possono comportare dei rischi in pazienti con IRC.

BIBLIOGRAFIA

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